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1.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 80(1): 33-41, jan.-fev. 2021. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1251314

ABSTRACT

RESUMO A Leucemia Linfocitica Aguda (LLA) é uma doença caracterizada por uma alta taxa de sobrevida, porém o número absoluto de crianças que morrem por ela representa uma grande parcela dos casos de óbitos infantis por câncer. A morbidade decorrente de seu tratamento pode deixar sequelas em pessoas com grande expectativa de vida, tornando-se extremamente necessário o entendimento da patogênese desta doença, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de novos tratamentos e diminuição de sequelas provocadas pela doença. O diagnóstico precoce é importante para se evitar complicações oculares que possam levar a baixa de acuidade visual em longo prazo e para avaliação de recaídas de tratamento sendo determinante no direcionamento de condutas.


ABSTRACT The Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) is a disease characterized by a high survival rate, but the absolute number of children who die from it represents a large proportion of cases of infant deaths from cancer. The morbidity resulting from its treatment can leave sequelae in people with high life expectancy, making it extremely necessary to understand the pathogenesis of this disease, enabling the development of new treatments and reduction of sequelae caused by the disease. This early diagnosis is important to avoid ocular complications that may lead to low long-term visual acuity and to evaluate treatment relapses and determine the conducts.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Prognosis , Retina/pathology , Leukemic Infiltration , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/diagnosis
2.
Biota neotrop. (Online, Ed. port.) ; 10(4): 127-131, Oct.-Dec. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-578491

ABSTRACT

Many Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest plant and animal species are geographically restricted to Southern Bahia and Northern Espírito Santo States. We investigated the geographic distribution of epiphytic bromeliads in the lowland forest of the Una region (15° 17' 34' S - 39° 04' 30'' W) in Southern Bahia. Specifically, we addressed the following questions: i) what is the extent of each species distribution?; and ii) are the Bromeliaceae subfamilies distributed differently from one another? Almost half of the 40 species (47.5 percent) occur exclusively in the Southern Bahia-Northern Espírito Santo region and are herein referred as endemic species. The highest percentage of the 15 species of Tillandsioideae (46.7 percent) occur throughout the South American Continent and most of the 25 species of Bromelioideae (68.0 percent) are mainly represented by endemic species. The Una region has almost two times more species than a forested area located 40 km west, suggesting marked increases in diversity in over relatively short distances. The endemism data around Una indicates that species are geographically distributed over an area spanning approximately six to seven degrees in latitude and longitude. This result contrasts with the geographic distribution of Andean epiphytes, mainly represented by Tillandsioideae, that have large geographical distributions. Larger-scale analyses and standardized methods are necessary to verify whether the narrow geographical distribution of most epiphytic bromeliads in the Una region is consistent across different forest types of the Atlantic Rainforest.


Na Floresta Atlântica, muitas espécies vegetais e animais são geograficamente restritas à região do Sul da Bahia e Norte do Espírito Santo. A distribuição geográfica das bromélias epífitas da floresta de planície da região de Una, Sul da Bahia (15° 17' 34' S - 39° 04' 30'' W), foi investigada para responder às seguintes questões: i) qual a extensão da distribuição geográfica das espécies?; e ii) existe diferença na distribuição geográfica das subfamílias de Bromeliaceae? Quase metade (47,5 por cento) das 40 espécies ocorre exclusivamente na região entre o Sul da Bahia e o Norte do Espírito Santo, aqui chamadas de endêmicas. A maior percentagem das 15 espécies de Tillandsioideae (46,7 por cento) ocorre através do Continente Sul-Americano e a maioria das 25 Bromelioideae (68,0 por cento) é principalmente representada por espécies endêmicas. Una possui quase duas vezes mais espécies que a região de Jussari que se localiza aproximadamente 40 km à oeste, sugerindo que a diversidade desta comunidade aumente rapidamente em uma pequena extensão geográfica. Os dados de endemismo das epífitas de Una indicam que as espécies estão distribuídas através de uma área geográfica de aproximadamente seis a sete graus quadrados. Este resultado contrasta com a distribuição geográfica das epífitas andinas, que são representadas principalmente por Tillandsioideae de ampla distribuição. Análises de larga escala e com metodologias padronizadas são necessárias para verificar se a pequena distribuição geográfica da maioria das bromélias epífitas de Una é uma característica constante nas diferentes feições da Floresta Atlântica.

3.
Biota neotrop. (Online, Ed. port.) ; 10(4): 351-354, Oct.-Dec. 2010. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-578515

ABSTRACT

Little is known about frugivory of epiphytes. We investigated diurnal frugivores consuming Aechmea depressa, an endemic species from Southern Bahia, Brazil, through 67 hours of observation on three fruiting individuals. Infructescences were visited for 2 percent of the time and only by golden-headed lion tamarins (GHLTs; Leontopithecus chrysomelas). Aechmea depressa invests on physical defense to retain fruits for prolonged periods, however, GHLTs used their small size and dexterity to remove rigid bracts and extract fruits from the infructescence. Prior studies indicate GHLTs disperse Aechmea seeds. Given the low visitation rates and probability that few frugivores successfully manipulate A. depressa fruits, we suggest that GHLTs are extremely important to maintaining the populations of this bromeliad species.


Pouco se sabe sobre a frugivoria em plantas epífitas. Nós investigamos os frugívoros diurnos de Aechmea depressa, uma espécie endêmica do Sul da Bahia através de 67 horas de observação dos frutos de três indivíduos. As infrutescências foram visitadas em 2 por cento do tempo somente por micos-leão-da-cara-dourada (MLCD; Leontopithecus chrysomelas). Aechmea depressa investe na defesa física para reter seus frutos por períodos prolongados entretanto, o MLCD utiliza seu pequeno tamanho e extrema destreza para remover as brácteas rígidas e extrair os frutos da infrutescência. Estudos prévios indicam que os MLCDs dispersam sementes de espécies de Aechmea. Baseando-se na baixa taxa de visitação e na probabilidade de que poucos frugívoros manipulem adequadamente os frutos de A. depressa, nós sugerimos que os MLCD sejam extremamente importantes para manter as populações desta espécie de Bromeliaceae.

4.
Biota neotrop. (Online, Ed. port.) ; 9(1): 73-79, Jan.-Mar. 2009. graf, mapas, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-518432

ABSTRACT

Vascular epiphytes are frequent in mesic habitats and mid-elevation regions. The present study investigated the diversity and species composition of epiphytic bromeliads in the Natural Reserve of Serra do Teimoso (RNST) located in a transitional area between ombrophilous and semideciduous forests. Adapted from the "Rapid and Representative Sampling of Vascular and Non-vascular epiphyte Diversity of Tropical Rain Forests" protocol, our survey method used eight phorophytes of Cariniana legalis (Martius) Kuntze found between 284 and 573 m a.s.l.. We registered 19 morphospecies and 526 bromeliad groups. Almost one third of the species were classified as widely distributed and 27.3% are endemic to southern Bahia. Shannon index was 2.2 nats.ind-1 and the estimated number of species in this area was 25 (SD = ± 3.5). Most C. legalis harbored a similar abundance and species composition of epiphytes, which was dominated by Hohenbergia and Aechmea species. This study registered the occurrence of three species that are new to the state of Bahia, and one genus was collected for the first time in the RNST. Results are in accordance with the known pattern of lower epiphytic diversity in drier locations. Since all new records are exclusive to the crowns of large trees, the sampling of these new records was only possible because climbing techniques were used. Compared to other methodologies for floristic surveys, the one employed here demanded lower sample effort and yielded similar results. Large trees play an important role for epiphytes due to the concentration of species and individuals on them. Thus, the utilization of canopy methodologies in other field surveys would be desirable to sample appropriately epiphytes in large trees.


Subject(s)
Biodiversity , Bromelia/classification , Bromelia/growth & development , Ecosystem/analysis , Ecosystem/classification , Ecosystem/adverse effects , Trees
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